{
  "name": "Diffusion distance and time: oxygen in air and water, and a 1 µm sphere in water",
  "desc": "Diffusion coefficients of oxygen in air and in water as stated by two open sources, the Stokes–Einstein coefficient of a sphere 1 µm across in water at 20 °C, and the time t = x²/2D for each to spread 1 µm to 10 cm, one claim per row with its basis and source.",
  "lic": "CC BY 4.0",
  "lic_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "by": "Ants, Cells & Atoms",
  "url": "https://antscellsandatoms.com/insects/how-insects-breathe/",
  "from": [
    "Somerville & Proctor 2013, BMC Microbiology 13:9 (O2 in air about 0.2 cm2/s; in water 2.1e-5 cm2/s at 25 °C)",
    "Park et al. 2019, PLoS ONE 14(1):e0204191, Table 1 (O2 in air 20 mm2/s; in water 0.0033 mm2/s)",
    "Vestergaard et al. 2012, Frontiers in Plant Science 3:295 (Gaussian solution of the diffusion equation)",
    "CODATA 2022 Boltzmann constant",
    "media/water-properties.csv (viscosity of water at 20 °C, IAPWS R12-08)"
  ],
  "how": "Compiled by Ants, Cells & Atoms from the data listed",
  "data_by": [
    "Somerville GA, Proctor RA 2013, BMC Microbiology 13:9, CC BY 2.0, https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-13-9 (citing the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics), retrieved 2026-10-24",
    "Park K et al. 2019, PLoS ONE 14(1):e0204191, CC BY 4.0, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0204191, retrieved 2026-10-24",
    "Vestergaard CL, Flyvbjerg H, Møller IM 2012, Frontiers in Plant Science 3:295, CC BY 3.0, https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2012.00295, retrieved 2026-10-24",
    "CODATA 2022 recommended values, NIST SRD 121, Boltzmann constant, retrieved 2026-10-24",
    "IAPWS R12-08 viscosity of ordinary water substance, attribution to the International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam; value computed 2026-10-24 (shared file water-properties.csv)"
  ]
}